Anti-CRSV polyclonal antibody, AP

The spherical maximal operator 0 | Atf(x)| = sup t> 0 f(x-ty) ds(y), where sigma is the surface measure on the unit sphere, is a classical object that appears in a variety of contexts in harmonic analysis, geometric measure theory, partial differential equation and geometric combinatorics.We establish L-p bounds for the Stein spherical maximal operator in the setting of compactly supported Borel measures , satisfying natural local size assumptions (B(x,r))Crs,v(B(x,r))Crsv.Taking the supremum over all t > 0 is not in general possible for reasons that are fundamental to the fractal setting, but we can obtain single scale (t [a, b] < subset of> (0,)) results. The range of possible L-p exponents is, in general, a bounded open interval where the upper endpoint is closely tied with the local smoothing estimates for Fourier Integral Operators.In the process, we establish L-2() L-2() bounds for the convolution operator Tf(x) = * (f), where is a tempered distribution satisfying a suitable Fourier decay condition. More generally, we establish a transference mechanism which yields L-p() L-p() bounds for a large class of operators satisfying suitable L-p-Sobolev bounds. This allows us to effectively study the dimension of a blowup set ({x: Tf(x) = }) for a wide class of operators, including the solution operator for the classical wave equation. Some of the results established in this paper have already been used to study a variety of Falconer type problems in geometric measure theory .

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) is one of the most popular cut flowers throughout the world. However, it is seriously damaged by virus infection. Four viruses were detected and eliminated from three popular carnation cultivars ('Master', 'Pink' and 'Liberty). The coat protein gene sequence-based primers were designed and Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was optimized for the detection of four viruses: Carnation mottle virus (CarMV), Carnation ring spot virus (CRSV), Carnation latent virus (CLV) and Carnation necrotic fleck virus (CNFV). The detection sensitivity level of this method was up to pg 10(-12). The PCR product homologous sequences were compared with most isolate nucleotides in GenBank, and no significant differences were found. The nucleotide sequence homology of CarMV, CRSV, CLV and CNFV was more than 88%. Chemotherapy, thermotherapy and microapical culture were applied to eliminate viruses, and virus-free plants from the three cultivars were obtained. Chemotherapy was found to be the most efficient way for virus elimination due to its short duration, high efficiency and practicability.