Anti-CVMV polyclonal antibody, AP

The sps1 gene, encoding the sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) in rice has an unusually long 5' untranslated region (leader) of 368 nt with a complex predicted secondary structure. Elimination of the leader from the native sps1 promoter diminishes the in vivo expression of the GUS reporter gene by 10-fold. Insertion of the leader downstream, but not upstream, of the -46(35S) CaMV promoter in the correct orientation produces an expression enhancement equivalent to that conferred in the sps1 native promoter. This expression enhancement is observed using both in vivo transient expressions in tobacco leaves and in stably transformed Arabidopsis plants. The sps1 leader also enhances the level of reporter gene expression in the strong 35S CaMV and Cassava Vein Mosaic Virus (CVMV) promoters, albeit at a lower level than in weaker promoters. In vitro transcription and translation studies using transcripts of the uidA gene, with and without the sps1 leader, show that the sps1 5' untranslated region enhances translation over three-fold. Deletion analysis of the sps1 leader showed that in vivo enhancement is totally conserved in the 5'Delta85 and diminished by half in the 5'Delta148; the deletion 3'Delta190 conserves two thirds of the enhancement, suggesting redundancy in sequence elements. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Aphis gossypii Glover is the vector of the Cotton Vein Mosaic Virus (CVMV), which causes serious damages to cotton. This work was carried out in a greenhouse at UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, in Jaboticabal, S5o Paulo State, Brazil, to evaluate the effect of inoculation date of the CVMV on growth and yield of cotton plants. Cotton plants of cultivar CNPA ITA 90 at 20, 27, 34, 41, 48 and 55 days after the emergency (DAE) received one wingless viruliferous adult of A. gossypii, which remained confined in the plants for 48h. The percentage of plants with the symptoms of the disease and its influence in the phenological aspects of cotton plant were evaluated. The age of the plants did not influence the transmission efficiency of CVMV by A. gossypii. Percentages of plants showing disease symptoms varied from 40% to 65% when inoculated at 20 and 48 DAE, respectively. Plant height was reduced in 54.5% when they were infected 20 DAE and 1.3% when infection occurred at 55 DAE, as compared to the control. The number and diameter of the bolls were also influenced by the age the plants were infected. Plants inoculated 20 DAE did not produce cotton. Plants inoculated 55 DAE produced 20.7 g of cotton/plant, significantly less than control plants (35.9 g/plant). The severity of the symptoms was directly associated to the age the plants were infected with CVMV.